Vibration White Finger (VWF)

• Vibration white finger can be caused by continued exposure to vibration such as that created by some pneumatic, electric and petrol-driven tools.
• It is believed that the vibration damages the arteries of the fingers which leads to a restricted blood supply to the affected areas.
• The fingers then turn white or bluish at the tips.
• If given enough time free from vibration, the sensation at the fingertips returns, but this can be painful.
• Permanent damage to the fingers can be caused, if preventive measures are not taken.
• Initial attacks are frequently triggered off by cold weather, so the hands should be kept warm.
• Gloves are available for persons using tools which vibrate, and should be worn each time the tool is used.
• Tools which vibrate should be used for short periods only. Refer to the Vibration risk assessment for trigger times.
• Where there is a long-term requirement for such a tool to be used, the task should be rotated.
• Anyone becoming aware of the symptoms of vibration white finger should:
  • report the condition to his employer
  • seek medical advice without delay
  • if the condition is confirmed, refrain from using such tools in future.
• Report any defect in the equipment or the system of work without delay.
• Warm hands are known factor in helping to prevent vibration white finger.
  

Lead

• Lead can be found in many building site products, such as cables, pipes, gutters and flashings.
• It can also be found in paints, solder and some plastics.
• Health risks arise when products containing lead are worked so as to cause dust or fume, or if there is skin contact with the lead.
• Some examples are burning or cutting materials containing lead, including:
  • painted surfaces
  • welding
  • grinding or cutting
  • spray painting
  • working on old lead covered roofs
  • entry into or the demolition of, old petrol storage tanks.
• Work in confined spaces and with poor ventilation increases the health risk.
• Normal plumbing and soldering is not usually a hazard.
• Breathing in is the most common way in which lead enters the body and also presents the greatest risk.
• Lead can be absorbed when swallowed and lead compounds are readily absorbed through the skin.
• Excessive lead absorption can cause constipation, abdominal pain, anaemia, weak muscles, and kidney damage. It can also affect the brain, causing impaired intellect, strange behaviour, fits and comas.
• Where products containing lead are to be worked with, employers are obliged by law to implement procedures which protect workers directly at risk, as well as others who may be indirectly exposed, such as other workers on the premises and people who live nearby.
• The employer must also ensure that families of workers are not affected by lead taken home on clothing.
• The employer must assess new work to see if lead is likely to be present.
• If workers are likely to be exposed to lead levels which exceed the current control limits, then protective clothing and/or respiratory protective equipment (RPE) must be provided and used.
• Poor personal hygiene increases health risks, so particular care must be taken to wash thoroughly (or shower if necessary) after handling lead.
• Never eat before washing hands, forearms and face thoroughly.
• Smokers are at higher risk if they smoke without first washing their hands.
• Store protective clothing in the accommodation provided - do not take it home.
• If you feel unwell, report at once to your doctor and tell him you have been working with lead. Also advise your supervisor.
• Report any defect in the equipment or the system of work without delay.
  

Lasers

In appropriate circumstances, the equipment being discussed should be demonstrated.​​​​​​​

• Persons handling laser equipment must be authorised to do so.
• Hazard areas must be clearly defined with signs and barriers.
• Eye protection must be suited to the wavelength of the laser in use. General purpose eye protectors offer no protection.
• The beam must be stopped by a non-reflecting surface. Reflecting surfaces must be covered.
• Extra care must be taken where reflective surfaces cannot be covered.
• Special precautions are needed near roads, airfields, etc., where a stray beam may create a hazard.
• Where high powered lasers are in use, all personnel not required for the safe operation of the equipment must be cleared away from the area.

​​​​​​​In the event of an eye injury:

• No medication to be applied to the eye.
• Cover eye with clean dry material
• Seek medical attention without delay